Draa Valley (Oued Draa)
The Draa River (Oued Draa) is the longest river valley and watercourse in Morocco. It is considered one of the most important historical and natural features of southern Morocco.
Location and Course
The Draa River originates in the High Atlas Mountains near Ouarzazate, where the Dades River and Imini River meet. It then flows through several regions and towns, including:
- Tinghir
- Agdz
- Zagora
- Tamegroute
- Tata
- M’Hamid El Ghizlane
From there, it extends southward through the desert and eventually reaches the Atlantic Ocean near the area of Tan-Tan, although water does not flow continuously to the ocean throughout the year.
Length and Importance
- Approximate length: 1,100 km (684 miles).
- It is the lifeline of the southern oases of Morocco.
- Traditional agriculture depends heavily on its waters, particularly for growing:
- Date palms
- Henna
- Cereals and grains
Draa Oases
The valley is famous for its chain of beautiful oases stretching through the desert, including:
- Mezguita Oasis
- Tinzouline Oasis
- Fezouata Oasis
These oases contain millions of palm trees that produce some of Morocco’s most renowned dates.
Historical Significance
For centuries, the Draa Valley served as:
- A major caravan route linking Morocco with sub-Saharan Africa.
- A center of learning and religious scholarship.
- An important homeland for Amazigh (Berber) tribes.
One of its most famous historical centers is Tamegroute, home to the Nasiriyya Zawiya and its ancient manuscript library.
Nature and Climate
- The climate is arid and desert-like.
- Summers are extremely hot.
- Winters are generally mild.
- The region occasionally experiences sudden floods after heavy rainfall.
Tourism
The Draa Valley is known for:
- Traditional mud-brick kasbahs and fortified villages.
- Desert excursions and camel treks.
- Camping near sand dunes.
- Cultural and eco-tourism.
Among its notable attractions are:
- Tissergate Kasbah
- Tamegroute Library
Important Note
After the construction of the Mansour Eddahbi Dam near Ouarzazate in 1972, the river’s flow became more regulated and less consistent downstream. This change affected some oases and traditional agricultural activities that had long depended on the natural flow of the Draa River.
